Increase and Decrease of Capital in Joint Stock Companies Pursuant to Article 157 of the Amended Bill of the Commercial Code, capital in a joint stock company may be increased through two methods: Increasing the nominal value of...
Warranties in Marine Insurance Policies Although an insurer is protected in an insurance contract by the principle of utmost good faith, proving a lack of good faith or non-disclosure of material facts is exceptionally difficult. For that reason,...
Banking Facilities “Facilities” refers to formal financial assistance programs offered by banks and financial institutions to support companies that require working capital. Such facilities may be granted to natural persons or legal entities that, in connection with a...
International Custom Unlike domestic legal systems, where legislation plays a central role in regulating legal relationships, international law assigns a special status to custom. This is largely because states themselves participate in its formation and therefore do not...
Claiming a Debt Without Written Evidence In some situations, individuals may provide money or other assets to another person without obtaining a receipt, promissory note, or any written acknowledgment. This often happens due to family relationships, friendship, or...
