Partition of Jointly Owned Real Property (Afraz) Afraz refers to the legal partition of jointly owned property among co-owners in proportion to their respective shares. In an afraz proceeding, each co-owner’s undivided share is separated and allocated as...
Fixed-Term Employment Contract (Specified Term) A key aspect of labor market participation is understanding applicable legal rules and practical considerations. One of the most common steps at the outset of any working relationship is preparing a written agreement....
Obedience (Tamkin) and Disobedience (Nushuz) The marital relationship between a woman and a man is established upon the conclusion of the marriage contract. From that moment, each spouse acquires specific rights and assumes corresponding legal duties toward the...
How to Collect Mahr (Dowry) Without Divorce? In a marriage contract, whether temporary or permanent, the wife is legally entitled to claim her mahr, whether it is defined as on-demand (payable upon request) or conditional upon financial ability....
What Is a Presumed Death Judgment and For Whom Is It Issued? Iranian law permits courts to issue a presumed death judgment only in specific and limited circumstances. This judgment is intended for situations in which a person’s...
