Arbitration Agreement in a Transportation Contract In international transportation contracts (road, sea, or air), the first step toward resolving disputes through arbitration is to include a clear and well-drafted arbitration agreement in the contract of carriage. This clause...
Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Sea Under Iranian maritime legislation and applicable international rules, dangerous goods are items that, if carried improperly, may cause harm to human life, pollution of the marine environment, or damage to the vessel....
Freight Forwarder in Iranian Law A freight forwarder is a person who, on behalf of the consignor, undertakes the coordination, organization, and execution of the transportation of goods. This role may involve arranging carriage in-house or outsourcing it...
Lost Cargo in Transportation Under Iran’s legal framework, lost cargo is generally treated as a breach of the transportation company’s contractual obligations. Under the Iranian Commercial Code and the Civil Code, a transportation company is obliged to safeguard,...
Grounds for Filing a Complaint Against a Transportation Company A complaint against a transportation company may be pursued when the company breaches a contractual obligation or violates an applicable legal duty. Common grounds include delay in delivery, damage...
