A Guide to Oil and Gas Transportation Law Oil and gas transportation law is a specialized branch of energy law that addresses the laws, contracts, liabilities, and regulatory requirements governing the transportation of oil, natural gas, petroleum products, and petrochemical products. This area of law plays an important role in reducing legal and commercial risks...Read More

What are the legal repercussions when goods are delivered without the original bill of lading being produced? A bill of lading is one of the main documents employed when goods are being transported and usually includes details about the consignor, the consignee, the goods, the destination, and the terms of carriage. In the case of...Read More

A Comprehensive Review of Carrier Liability for Cargo Rerouting Cargo rerouting happens when goods which are in transit are carried on a route different from the one stated in the transportation contract, the bill of lading, or the instructions given by the consignor. The transportation route is a significant component of the shipping process. According...Read More

What right does the carrier have to retain the goods? The right to retain the goods is one of the key points in transport contract relationships; it can enable a carrier to refuse delivery. This right is usually exercised when the carrier has claims arising from the transport services carried out, the freight charges, any...Read More

What liability does an international carrier have? The liability of an international carrier consists of a set of obligations arising from transportation contracts, domestic laws, and international regulations. A carrier, upon receiving goods and transporting them to the destination, must comply with the requirements established under the contract and the regulations applicable to the relevant...Read More

What liability does the Forwarder have when choosing the Carrier? The forwarder has an important role in the transportation process since he is responsible for planning and organising the shipment of goods. One of the forwarder’s most important decisions is the choice of carrier. In order to make this choice, the forwarder has to take...Read More

What is the importance of protecting cargo by means of legal documentation? Cargo protection in transportation is not limited to proper packaging, loading, and the selection of an appropriate means of transport. Legal documentation also plays an important role in establishing the parties’ responsibilities and protecting cargo owners’ rights. When information concerning the type of...Read More

What does dispute management mean in the context of international logistics? Dispute management in international logistics refers to the set of measures used to identify, control, and resolve disputes among the various parties involved in the transportation and supply chain. In an international logistics operation, cargo owners, carriers, freight forwarders, shipping companies, warehouse operators, customs...Read More

What does vessel grounding mean from a legal point of view? Vessel grounding occurs when the hull or another part of a vessel comes into contact with the seabed, riverbed, or bottom of a navigable waterway, causing the vessel to lose its ability to navigate normally. Grounding may result from navigational error, insufficient water depth,...Read More

What are the responsibilities of a carrier when transporting hazardous materials? Transportation companies assume greater responsibilities when transporting hazardous materials than when carrying ordinary goods. Hazardous materials may include flammable, toxic, corrosive, and oxidizing substances, compressed gases, and other materials that may pose risks to people, the environment, or equipment if improperly packaged, loaded, or...Read More