Change of Property Use A change of property use means altering the designated use of a parcel of land or a building from one category to another, for example, converting a residential property into a commercial or administrative one. Under the Law on the Change of Use of Agricultural Lands and Gardens (adopted in 1374)...Read More
Owner Consent for Apartment Renovation Renovating aging apartment buildings in major cities, particularly metropolitan areas such as Tehran, is widely regarded as a practical measure to improve urban living standards and address serious building safety concerns. One of the most significant legal and practical challenges in the renovation process, however, is obtaining owners’ consent. In...Read More
What Is Unlawful Possession? In Iranian law, unlawful possession refers to the wrongful seizure and occupation of property carried out without the owner’s consent and contrary to the law. In simple terms, when a person has possession of a property, and another individual takes it over without legal authorization, that act may constitute unlawful possession....Read More
Comprehensive Guide to Drafting a Proper Lease Agreement A precise and well-structured lease agreement is one of the most important legal measures for preventing future disputes between landlord and tenant. In recent years, a significant number of cases brought before Dispute Resolution Councils and courts have arisen from ambiguities or shortcomings in lease agreements. The...Read More
Sale of Another Person’s Property and Everything You Should Know The sale of another person’s property refers to offering or transferring movable or immovable property by a person who is not the lawful owner and who proceeds without the permission or consent of the true owner. In Iran’s property market, due to complex documentation and...Read More
The Difference Between a Preliminary Agreement and a Sale Agreement in Real Estate Transactions In Iran’s real estate market, many people use the terms “preliminary agreement” and “sale agreement” interchangeably, without appreciating that they may carry different legal implications and practical consequences. A clear understanding of the distinction can help prevent disputes, fraud, and unintended...Read More
Purchasing Real Property Without an Official Deed From a legal perspective, purchasing real property without a deed is among the riskiest real estate transactions. In the absence of an official deed, the buyer’s ownership is not formally recognized and lacks reliable legal standing. Under Iran’s Act on Mandatory Official Registration of Transactions Involving Immovable Property...Read More
Authorization to Assign Leasehold Rights In Iran’s legal system, particularly under the 1977 Law on Landlord and Tenant Relations, a tenant is not treated as a mere occupier after the contractual lease term expires. In such cases, due to years of commercial activity in the premises, the tenant may acquire a legally recognized proprietary interest...Read More
Introduction to the Lawsuit for Authorization to Transfer Goodwill Rights A lawsuit seeking judicial authorization to transfer the benefits of goodwill, commonly referred to as business tenancy rights, is among the most frequent disputes between commercial tenants and landlords in Iran. These claims are generally governed by the Landlord and Tenant Relations Act of 1977....Read More
What Is a Notice to Appear at the Notary Public Office and What Is Its Legal Function? A notice to appear at a notary public office is one of the most important legal instruments used to enforce contractual obligations in real estate transactions. This formal legal notice is issued by one party to a contract,...Read More
